Verse rhythm
(Versmaß)
foot: smallest metrical unit
trochee:
two-syllable foot with falling stress (" ")
iamb: two-syllable foot with rising stress, the first
unstressed and the second stressed
| dactyl: |
three
syllable foot with falling stress, a metrical foot consisting
of one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed. It is rare
to find a peom composed entirely of dactylls.
z.B. 
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anapaest: three-syllable foot with rising stress
monometer: line containing one foot
diameter, trimeter, tetrameter, pentameter, hexameter,
heptameter, octameter: lines containing tow, three... feet.
caesura: phonetic pause within a line (Verseinschnitt,
Zäsur)
blank verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter, consisting
of five iambic feet
alexandrine: iambic hexameter with a caesura after
the third foot
free verse: verse irregulary rhythmical (like prose)
run-on lines (enjambement !!!): lines that are not
end-stopped
Stanza
(Strophe)
-
couplet or distich: stanza of thwo lines
- heroic couplet: two iambic pentameters coupled by rhyme
- tercet, quatrain, cinquain, sestet, septet, octave...: stanzas of
three, four.. lines
- sonnet - a lyric consisting of 14 rhymed iambic pentameters
- Italien sonnet (Petrarchian): an octave (abba abba) followed by
a sestet (cde cde)
- Shakespearian sonnet: three quatrains followed by a heroic couplet
(two iambic pentameters)
Rhyme
- masculine rhyme: monosyllabic
- feminine ryhme: double or dissyllabic rhyme
- continuous rhyme: aa bb cc (Paarreim)
- alternate rhyme: abab cdcd (Kreuzreim)
- enclosing rhyme: abba cddc (umarmender Reim)
- internal or middle rhyme: Binnenreim ("The fair breeze blew,
the white foam flew")
- eye rhyme: I - utterly
Devices
- structural devices: contrast, illustration, repetition
- sense devices: simile (like, as), metaphor, personification, symbol,
allegory
- sound devices: alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme, assonance, rhythm
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