Penguin Readers Pre-Intermediate Lernvoraussetzungen

Penguin Readers: Pre-Intermediate Teacher´s Notes sowie Lösungen Passwort für Lösungen erforderlich !

Nouns	Singular forms and plural forms with s Common irregular plural forms Possessive form ('s) Transparent compounds Gerunds for activities and pastimes
Verbs	Tenses: Present simple (except negative questions) Present progressive with present and future meaning Simple past of listed regular and irregular verbs Present perfect simple Past progressive Irregular past forms: came/did/had/said/was/were/went Passive: Passive forms: present and past forms of be + past participle additionally: Parts of be, have, have got; There is/are/was/were Positive imperative forms Positive, negative and question forms Negative imperative forms and questions Short answers. can for ability and permission; Let's... going to for prediction and intention can for possibility would like + noun phrase -ing forms after like, stop Infinitive forms after want, start will for offers, requests, and with future meaning could for past ability and possibility have to for obligation would like + infinitive Common phrasal verbs with transparent meanings -ing forms after go, verbs of (dis)like Infinitive forms after want, start, like is/was/has been able to can't to deny possibility could for requests and suggestions must for obligation shall for suggestions, plans, offers need (to)/needn't for necessity should (positive only) for advice would for desires, preferences to + infinitive after what/where etc Infinitives after permitted verbs and adjectives, with too/enough/very, after indefinite pronouns/adverbs, infinitive of purpose Question tags: positive tag following negative statement and vice versa Common phrasal verbs with non-transparent meanings
Determiners	Articles: a, an, the or zero + noun (phrase) All cardinal and ordinal numbers Possessives Quantifiers: some, any, a little, a lot (of), Quantifiers with more Distributives: every, another, other, each, all + noun Demonstrative: these, those (also pronouns) Interrogative Which ? (also pronoun) the + adjective Predeterminers: all Relative: whose Distributives: both, either, neither a meaning per
Pronouns	Personal, subject and direct object Demonstrative: this, that, these, those(also as determiners) Interrogative: Who? What? Which? Whose? It (+ be) in impersonal expressions As indirect objects Possessive some-, no-, any-, every-(body/thing) Indefinite: someone, anyone, everyone one/ones Reflexive (but not for emphasis) Relative: who, which, that
Adjectives	Simple adjectives (attributive and predicative) Comparative: -er/more + adjective...than, as ... as Superlative: the -est in/of, most + adjective better, best, worse, worst, more, most too + adjective How + adjective Intensifiers: much, a bit, a lot Adjective + to
Adverbs	Some adverbs of frequency, place and time Adjective +ly [see wordlist] Interrogatives: Where? When? Why?; How (much/many)? Intensifier: very Additive: too Adjective + (i)ly Irregular adverbs of manner Comparative: as...as Comparative: -er/-est, more/most + adverb Indefinite: somewhere, nowhere, anywhere, everywhere
Conjunctions	and, because, but, or to join words, phrases, clauses so, before, after, when
Sentences	Simple one-clause sentences Two clauses joined with and, but, because or or Direct speech + noun/pronoun + say/ask Two clauses joined with so, before, after, when Direct speech + subject/verb inversion Reported speech with present tense reporting verb know, think, hope etc + that clause Sentences with more than two main clauses Sentences with one main and one subordinate clause Zero and first conditional Defining relative clauses (but not embedded) Clauses with wh words Clauses ending in so, not Reported speech with to + infinitive Participle clauses Adjectives/nouns + that clause